Carburetor



May 26, 1931. 1 J MATSQN 1,807,423

CARBURETOR Filed May 4. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR WITNESS: ATTORNEY May 26, 19 31.

J. .1. MATSON CARBURETOR Filed May 4. 19 29 2 Sheets-Sheet izzZz'uaJMaiis'an ATTORNEY Patented May 26, 1931 -Nrren STATES JULIUS J", MATSON, OF GLENWOOD, ILLINOIS CARBURETOR Application filed May 4,

This invention relates to carburetors capable of employment. in connection with motor vehicles aeroplanes, and in fact alltypes of engines, even those of the stationary variety,

making'use of gasoline or gas as a fuel.

An important object of the invention is to;

provide whatmay be termed a duplex carburetor which will be particularly well adapted for. use in connection. with aeroplane motors m where it is of the utmost importance that there be no failure of the fuel supply.

Another important object of the invention is to. provide a. carburetor of such con structionas to insure a proper automatic mixture of air and fuel vapor at all times, a feature being that the inlet of the air and the fuel is: controlled by the same valve.

Another important object of the invention is to provide speed varying means of selec- 2d tively usable type, depending upon the exact nature of the service to: which the carburetor is. to be put, one type of=control being used under-some circumstances and the other type.

under differer-it. conditions.

Another object is. to; provide-a carburetor of thlSLhflJlaC/te'l having a safety valve designed to open in. the event of back-firing of'the; motor so. that flame cannot reach the main fuel supply.

d An additional object is to provide a device of. this character which will be simple and inexpensive to. manufacture, easy to install and adjust, positive in action,.efiicient and dura-v ble. in service, and a general improvement in as theart... 1-

With the a Jove other objects and advantages; iii-view, the) invention preferably consists inthe detailsof construction and the arrangement and combination. of parts tobe 'hereinafter'morefully described and claimed,

andl iillustrated in the; accompanying drawings. in which 'll igure 1'. is a vertical: longitudinal section throughthecarburetor. 48 Figure 2:.isa top-plan view.

Eigure' 3 is a. fragmentary section illustrating a modification.

Referring more particularly to the drawings-Thaveshown thecarburctor as comprising a body l 'O which may be'formed as a hol- 1929. Serial} No. 860,586.

low casting having various. characteristics; to be described and formed to provide spaced chambers 11 each of which is provided at its top with: an opening 12:at which. is located a valve seat 13 formed with a plurality oiipasisages 14 for a purpose to. be described. Se-- cured upon the top of the body is a plate member 15 formed. with spaced elbows i6 communicating with the respective openings. 12, this plate member being held in position. 50" by screws 17. At the. side of each chamber 11 the body is formed with an opening 18, and secured against this side is: a conduit. member 19 held in place as by screws 20 and of elbow form, this. conduit member termimating in a flange QIadaptedt to be bolted to. the intake of an engine, not shown.

The conduit. member 19 has. two separate passages or openings. 22" therethrough communicating with the respective openings 18?. 76 By this means it is apparent that theintake manifoids of two. separate engines. may be connected with the carburetor as clearly in dicated in Figure 2; 1 i

At that. sideof the opposite the am duitstructure 19 are two fuel reservoir chain-- hers 22 each of which is provided at. its bottom with a fuel inletstructui'e embodying a. nipple for connection of a fuel supply line. The inlet structure may embody any so desired number of parts certain of which are more or less. conventional and capable of: variations. However, in the present instance the, bottom of each bowl 22 is. shown as equipped with an inlet nozzle 24: having a fuel passage 25 therethrough engageable by the tapered end 26 of a needle valve 27 carrying a float 28. This type of construction is rather characteristic of carburetors. and the intention is to provide afloat chamber with in which there willalways be a certain predetermined level of fuel to insure proper: flow thereof. In that portion of the body'between each chamber 11 and the; associated fuel reserv voir or bowl 252* there is provided a chamber member 29 communicating with the interior of the bowl 22 through a. port 30; Extending longitudinally through the chamber menu ber 29' is a sleeve member 31 communicating with a passage 32- which leads to an annular passage 33 in the wall of the seat 13 and of course communicating with the radial passages 14 therein.

The interior of the sleeve 31 communicates with the interior of the chamber member 29 through a plurality of ports 34. At the lower end of the passage 32 is a valve seat 35 e11- gaged by a needle valve 36 threaded through the lower or solid end of the sleeve member 31 and equipped with an operating head 37, a. suitable packing gland 38 surrounding this needle valve to prevent leakage. Clearly, by manipulating the needle valve 36 the rate of flow of fuel from the reservoir or bowl 22 to the passages 14 in the valve seat 13 may be easily regulated.

Beneath each chamber 11 is a cylinder or shell 39 within which is located a piston 40 which divides the interior into two separate chambers 41 and 42, the former being adapted to communicate with the chamber 11 through ports 43 and the latter being adapted to communicate with the atmosphere through ports 44. Each cylinder 39 is closed at its upper end except for the port 43 and has its lower end closed by a plate 45 held in place as by screws 46. The piston 40 is provided with suitable packing rings to prevent leakage and is carried by a stem 48 slidable through the bottom cap 45 and also slidable through and projecting considerably beyond the closed top of the cylinder 39. The projecting upper end of this stem is formed with a relatively long socket 49 within which is slidably mounted the stem 50 of a valve 51 normally closing the seat 13.

Mounted above the top of each cylinder 39 and normally closing the ports 43 is a gag valve 52 upon which seats a coil spring 53 which surrounds the stem 48 and which abuts against the under side of the valve 51. Clearly, this spring operates normally to hold the valves 51 and 52 closed. The stem 48 also projects beyond the bottom cap 45 of each cylinder and this projecting lower end is threaded and equipped with a pair of adj usting nuts 54, the upper one of which engages against a washer 55 which forms a seat for the lower end of a coil spring 56 encircling the stem 48 and abutting against the under side of the cap. This stem 48 is adapted to be engaged by one end of a rocker arm 57 suitably pivoted as at 58 on a support, not shown, and adapted to be moved by a rod 59 which forms part of the carburetor control mechanism or throttle control.

Located within each conduit 19 is a b utterfly valve 60 carried by a rock shaft 61 which may be equipped with any suitable lever de-.

vice, not shown, for effecting movement of the butter-fly valve. This butter-fly valve is also represented as provided with idling ports 62 of relatively small size.

Another important feature of the invention is'the provision of means for preventing fire in case the motor back-fires. In carrying out this feature I provide the under side of each conduit member 19 with an opening 63 at which is a valve seat 64 normally closed by a valve 65 carried by a stem 66 slidable through a spider 67 and equipped with a washer and pin 68 and 69 respectively, the former constituting an abutment for one end of the coil spring 70 which has its other end abutting against the spider 67.

Clearly, in the event of a back-fire, the valve 65 will be forced from its seat 64 so that the pressure may escape.

Assumingthat the device has been constructed and assembled as described and illustrated, the operation is as follows To begin with, it should be understood that the chamber 41 is a vacuum chamber and that the chamber 42 is always at atmospheric pressure. It will consequently be apparent that the device automatically controls the flow of supply of gas or gasoline and air by vacuum and atmospheric pressure for all types of internal combustion engines. At each intake stroke of the engine the suction produced thereby will tend to exhaust the air in the mixing chamber lland the result is that the valves 51 and 52 will open simultaneously. At the opening movement, air enters the chamber 11, or each of the chambers 11 as it should be said, through the elbow 16 and opening 12, and at the same time the fuel enters at the valve seat 13 through the numerous radial ports 14 which lead from the fuel supply. After the valves 51 and 52 have been opened by engine suction as mentioned above, they will subsequently close instantaneously and simultaneously. As a consequence of the provision of the piston 47 op erating within the cylinder 39 the stem 48 will return to its normal position. By this action a perfect mixture is obtained at any angle in which the carburetor may be disposed.

Various engine speeds may be obtained by means of the butter-fly valve 60 which may be opened to the desired extent, or by means oi the adjuster nuts 54 on the stem 48. If various speeds are desired by means of the butter-fly valve 60, the adjuster nuts 54 are adjusted so as to eifect opening of the valve 51 to permit more fuel to pass through the elbow 16, with the butter-fly valve open. The idling speed is then obtained through theidling ports 62 in the butter-fly valve notwithstanding the fact that this valve is closed. If a variable speed is desired by manipulation of the stem 48, the adjuster nuts 54 are unscrewed until the engine is at idling speed. If constant and automatically controlled speed is desired, the adjuster nuts 54 are screwed upward to compress the spring 56 until the desired speed is obtained with the butter-fly valve 60 and the rocker arm 57 entirely removed. Under such circumstances the engine speed is automatically controlled under load or no load.

From the foregoing description and a study of the drawings it will be apparent that I have thus provided a simply constructed and yet very highly efficient carburetor which may be constructed in the duplex manner shown or as an individual unit, this detail being comparatively immaterial. Furthermore, it will be observed that speed variations may be obtained in various selected ways and that ample provision has been made to take care of a back-fire so that the fire hazard will be reduced to the minimum.

It is really believed that the construction, operation and advantages will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art without further explanation.

In Figure 3 I have illustrated a modification of the structure when the fuel used is gas instead of gasoline. I11 this form it is intended that the gasoline bowl or reservoir 22 and also the butt-erfiy valve be omitted. In practically every other respect the construction is the same except of course there is no necessity for a gasoline supply as use would be made of a suitable supply of gas of an explosive nature. Furthermore the above described needle valve 36 is necessarily omitted or if not necessarily at least preferably. However, the above described valve seat 13 is replaced by a valve seat 13a which is provided with an annular passage 33a communicating with the passage 32 above referred to. However, the radial passages which establish communication between the opening in the valve seat and the passage 33a are laterally elongated or widened as indicated at 13?) in order to permit a larger volume of gas to pass than the necessary volume of gasoline in case the latter fuel is used. This is the only change that is necessary to be made in order to adapt the device for use with gaseous fuel instead of a liquid fuel. The operation is of course in every other respect the same as in the first described form and it is believed that a recapitulation is therefore unnecessary.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of the invention, it should of course be understood that'I reserve the right to make such changes in the details of construction as well as the combination of parts aswill not depart from thejspirit of the invention or the scope of the subj oined claims.

Having thus described the invention, I claim 1. A duplex carburetor comprising a body provided with a pair of spaced mixing chambers having inlet openings at the top and member secured to said side and having separate passages communicating with respective ones of the second mentioned openings and adapted for connection with the intake manifolds of engines, air inlet conduits secured to said bodyand communicating with the re spective first. named openings, a valve seat member located within the top of each mix; ing'chamberat the epening'in the top. there of-,fue1 reservoir bowls located atone side of the bodvand each having a fuel inlet, float ape-rated inlet control means; in each bowl, the body having fuel passages communicat ingwith said reserwoir bowls and said valve seat members having annular passages. communicating with said fuel passages and having aphiraliit-y- Of radial passages communieating with. the seat, needle valves for cons trolling the flow of feet through the fuel passage a valve normally closing the opening of; each of said. valgve seat members, a stem nnected with each of said valves a cylinder secured beneath each mixing chamber and having ports communicating with the int rior of said chamber and: other-ports: communicating with the atmosphere, a stem slidab fi through, the lower end of each cylinder and slidably connected with and slidably re-- ceiving said first mentioned valvestem, a piston upon, each of said stems. operatingwithin the respective cylinder, a valve slidablewith the secoi named stem and normally closing the yl nder posts. which communicate with the mixing chamber, and springmeans normally holding said first and last namedi valv s. losed.

21., A duplexcarburetorcomprising a body provided with. pair of spaced mixing cham bers having inlet, openings at; the top and each having an opening at the side, a conduit member secured tosaid side and havingsepm rate passages: communicating with respec-. tive ones of; the second mentioned openings and adapted for connection with the intake manifolds ofengines, air inlet conduits, cured to; said body and connnnnicating with the respective first named openings, a valve seat member located within the topiofi each mixing chamber at the inlet openingtherein, fuel? reservoir bowls located atone side of said body' and; each havinga fuel inlet, float; operated inlet control means in. each bowt, the'boszly havingfuel passages communisming with said reservoir bowls and saidval ve seat members having annular passages communicatingwith said fuel passages and having a plurality of radial passages communicatingwith the seat, needle valves for controlling the flow of fuel through the fuel passages, a valve normally closing the opening of each of said valve seat members, a stem connected with each of said valves, a cylinder secured beneath each mixing chamber and having ports communicating with the inteeach having an opening at the side, a conduit rior of said chamber and other ports communicating with the atmosphere, a stem slidable through the lower end of each cylinder and slidably connected with and slidably receiving said first mentioned valve stem, a piston upon each of said stems operating within each respective cylinder, a valve slidable with each second named stem and normally closing the cylinder ports which communicate with the mixing chamber, spring means normally holding said first and last named valves closed, adjusting nuts on the lower end of each piston carrying stem, a spring engaging the bottom of the cylinder and said nuts for normally urging each stem downwardly, and rocker means for moving each stem upwardly.

3. In a carburetor including a mixing chamber, an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a member located at the juncture of the air inlet with the mixing chamber and formed with a valve seat provided with an annular passage and a plurality of radial ports, means for-conducting fuel to said annular passage, a valve normally closing said seat and having a stem, a cylinder beneath the mixing chamher having ports communicating therewith, a stem slidable. through the cylinder and carrying a piston located therein, said second named stem slidably receiving said first named stein, a valve surrounding the second named stem and normally closing the ports in the top of the cylinder, and spring means normally holding both of said valves seated.

4. In a carburetor including a mixing chamber, an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a member located at the juncture of the air inlet With the mixing chamber and formed with a valve seat provided with an annular passage and a plurality of radial ports, means for conducting fuel to said annular passage, a valve normally closing said seat and having a stem, a cylinder beneath the mixing chamber having ports connnunicating therewith, a stem slidable through the cylinder and carrying a piston located therein, said second named stem slidably receiving said first named stem, a valve surrounding the second named stem and normally closing the ports in the top of the cylinder, spring means normally holding both of said valves seated, spring means normally urging the second named stem downwardly, and means for positively moving the second named stem upwardly.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

JULIUS J. MAISON. 

